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Integrated CDK4/6 Inhibitor Resistance and Primary-Metastatic Discordance in Hormone Receptor-Positive/HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Translational Framework Focused on Invasive Ductal Carcinoma With Gastric Metastasis

Source: Frontiers - Health • Published: 29 Aug 2026, 00:00

Integrated CDK4/6 Inhibitor Resistance and Primary-Metastatic Discordance in Hormone Receptor-Positive/HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Translational Framework Focused on Invasive Ductal Carcinoma With Gastric Metastasis

Presents a translational framework linking genomic resistance signatures and primary‑metastatic phenotype discordance in HR+/HER2‑ metastatic breast cancer focusing on invasive ductal carcinoma with gastric spread.

Key Takeaways
  • Five-module CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance score was developed from mutation and copy‑number events
  • Metastases showed higher resistance scores and greater proliferation activity than primary tumors
  • High-resistance/high-discordance tumors were enriched for PI3K-axis, chromatin-remodeling, and RB-axis events
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