A detailed time-course study mapping transcriptional trajectories in macrophages during prolonged TLR4 stimulation and immune reprogramming.
Key Takeaways
- Continuous TLR4 stimulation produced a reproducible macrophage chronic tolerant state by days 7–11
- By days 7–11, macrophages upregulated PD-L1, TIM-3, IL-10, and CCL2 expression
- Chronic tolerance silenced interferon-stimulated genes including IFITs, Irf7, Rsad2, and OAS family