Examine open-label clinical trials testing vaccination-induced trained immunity as an early neuroimmune intervention for Alzheimer's disease and related biomarker shifts.
Key Takeaways
- BCG vaccination induced persistent trained immunity-like changes in cerebrospinal fluid immune cells
- CNS immune responses differed from blood, indicating compartment-specific immune imprinting
- Participants without Alzheimer's pathology showed decreased CSF amyloid-beta and increased blood levels