In ovo sexing and genotyping using PCR techniques: a contribution to the 3R principles in chicken breeding
Researchers report a reproducible in ovo sexing and genotyping protocol using whole-genome amplification with KASP and endpoint PCR to analyze chicken embryos from ED4–ED10; methods showed 70–100% success and 92–100% accuracy, with ED7 identified as the optimal sampling point to balance reliable results and hatchability, enabling prevention of surplus hatching before ED13 and supporting 3R principles.
Why it mattersAdopt the KASP and WGA PCR workflow at ED7 to prevent hatching before ED13 and reduce costs.